• Master of Laws, University of Helsinki 1980
  • Master of Laws with court training 1982
  • Licentiate of Laws, University of Helsinki 1997
  • Doctor of Laws, University of Helsinki 2007
  • Docent, University of Lapland 2014
  • Docent, University of Helsinki 2015
  • Docent, University of Turku 2016
  • Publications: On criminal proceedings in sexual crimes against children (doctoral dissertation 2006); Human Rights, Handbook to EIT case law (Edita 2013, Alma Talent 2017); Media professionals and penalties of defamation (article, 2012); Right to a Fair Trial: A Practical Guide to the Article 6 Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights (Intersentia 2021); Right to Respect for Private and Family Life, Home and Correspondence: A Practical Guide to Article 8 Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights (Intersentia 2022), inter alia.